> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://forest-docs-prd-616-workflow-webhook-trigger.mintlify.site/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Use a Smart Action Form

We've just introduced Smart actions: they're great because you can execute virtually any business logic. However, there is one big part missing: how do you let your users provide more information or have interaction when they trigger the Smart action? In short, you need to open a **Smart Action Form**.

## Opening a **Smart Action Form**

Very often, you will need to ask user inputs before triggering the logic behind a Smart Action.\
For example, you might want to specify a reason if you want to block a user account. Or set the amount to charge a user’s credit card.

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Rails">
    On our Live Demo example, we’ve defined 4 input fields on the Smart Action `Upload Legal Docs` on the collection `Company`.

    ```ruby theme={null}
    class Forest::Company
      include ForestLiana::Collection

      collection :Company

      action 'Upload Legal Docs', type: 'single', fields: [{
        field: 'Certificate of Incorporation',
        description: 'The legal document relating to the formation of a company or corporation.',
        type: 'File',
        is_required: true
      }, {
        field: 'Proof of address',
        description: '(Electricity, Gas, Water, Internet, Landline & Mobile Phone Invoice / Payment Schedule) no older than 3 months of the legal representative of your company',
        type: 'File',
        is_required: true
      }, {
        field: 'Company bank statement',
        description: 'PDF including company name as well as IBAN',
        type: 'File',
        is_required: true
      }, {
        field: 'Valid proof of ID',
        description: 'ID card or passport if the document has been issued in the EU, EFTA, or EEA / ID card or passport + resident permit or driving license if the document has been issued outside the EU, EFTA, or EEA of the legal representative of your company',
        type: 'File',
        is_required: true
      }]
    end
    ```

    ```ruby theme={null}
    Rails.application.routes.draw do
      # MUST be declared before the mount ForestLiana::Engine.
      namespace :forest do
        post '/actions/upload-legal-docs' => 'companies#upload_legal_docs'
      end

      mount ForestLiana::Engine => '/forest'
    end
    ```

    ```ruby theme={null}
    class Forest::CompaniesController < ForestLiana::SmartActionsController

      def upload_legal_doc(company_id, doc, field)
        id = SecureRandom.uuid

        Forest::S3Helper.new.upload(doc, "livedemo/legal/#{id}")

        company = Company.find(company_id)
        company[field] = id
        company.save

        Document.create({
          file_id: company[field],
          is_verified: true
        })
      end

      def upload_legal_docs
        # Get the current company id
        company_id = ForestLiana::ResourcesGetter.get_ids_from_request(params, forest_user).first

        # Get the values of the input fields entered by the admin user.
        attrs = params.dig('data', 'attributes', 'values')
        certificate_of_incorporation = attrs['Certificate of Incorporation'];
        proof_of_address = attrs['Proof of address'];
        company_bank_statement = attrs['Company bank statement'];
        passport_id = attrs['Valid proof of ID'];

        # The business logic of the Smart Action. We use the function
        # upload_legal_doc to upload them to our S3 repository. You can see the
        # full implementation on our Forest Live Demo repository on Github.
        upload_legal_doc(company_id, certificate_of_incorporation, 'certificate_of_incorporation_id')
        upload_legal_doc(company_id, proof_of_address, 'proof_of_address_id')
        upload_legal_doc(company_id, company_bank_statement, 'bank_statement_id')
        upload_legal_doc(company_id, passport_id, 'passport_id')

        # Once the upload is finished, send a success message to the admin user in the UI.
        render json: { success: 'Legal documents are successfully uploaded.' }
      end
    end
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Django">
    On our Live Demo example, we’ve defined 4 input fields on the Smart Action `Upload Legal Docs` on the collection `Company`.

    Ensure the file app/forest/\_\_init\_\_.py exists and contains the import of the previous defined class :
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Laravel">
    On our Live Demo example, we’ve defined 4 input fields on the Smart Action `Upload Legal Docs` on the collection `Company`.

    <Info>
      The 2nd parameter of the `SmartAction` method is not required. If you don't fill it, the name of your smartAction will be the name of your method that wrap it.
    </Info>
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/forest-docs-prd-616-workflow-webhook-trigger/6VDuJILf7L-u9y4z/images/legacy/javascript-agents/screenshot%202019-07-01%20at%2014.34.41.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=6VDuJILf7L-u9y4z&q=85&s=f6f4576a57afda38dc45c0d2b19f291e" alt="" width="1920" height="965" data-path="images/legacy/javascript-agents/screenshot 2019-07-01 at 14.34.41.png" />

### Handling input values

Here is the list of available options to customize your input form.

| Name        | Type             | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
| ----------- | ---------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| field       | string           | Label of the input field.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| type        | string or array  | <p>Type of your field.</p><ul><li>string: <code>Boolean</code>, <code>Date</code>, <code>Dateonly</code>, <code>Enum</code>, <code>File</code>, <code>Number</code>, <code>String</code></li><li>array: <code>\['Enum']</code>, <code>\['Number']</code>, <code>\['String']</code></li></ul> |
| reference   | string           | (optional) Specify that the input is a reference to another collection. You must specify the primary key (ex: `category.id`).                                                                                                                                                                |
| enums       | array of strings | (optional) Required only for the `Enum` type. This is where you list all the possible values for your input field.                                                                                                                                                                           |
| description | string           | (optional) Add a description for your admin users to help them fill correctly your form                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| isRequired  | boolean          | (optional) If `true`, your input field will be set as required in the browser. Default is `false`.                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| hook        | string           | (optional) Specify the change hook. If specified the corresponding hook is called when the input change                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| widget      | string           | (optional) The following widgets are available to your smart action fields (`text area`, `date`, `boolean`, `file,` `dateonly`)                                                                                                                                                              |

<Warning>
  The `widget` property is only partially supported.
  If you want to use a custom widget via a Smart Action Hook, you'll need to use the syntax mentioned in the next section.
</Warning>

## Use components to better layout your form

<Info>
  This feature is only available from **version 9.4.0** (`forest-express-sequelize` and `forest-express-mongoose`) / **version 9.4.0** (`forest-rails`) .
</Info>

<Warning>
  you must define your layout in a `load` hook at minima, and repeat it in each `change` hook.
</Warning>

This feature is useful when dealing with long/complex forms, with many fields. It will let you organize them and add useful information to guide the end user.
The layout must contain the fields as they should be rendered on the form.

### List of supported layout components

### Ruby on Rails

```ruby theme={null}
# Page
{
  type: 'Layout',
  component: 'Page',
  elements: [] # An array of fields or other layout elements (except other pages)
},

# Row
{
  type: 'Layout',
  component: 'Row',
  fields: [] # An array of one or two fields
}

# Separator
{
  type: 'Layout',
  component: 'Separator',
}

# Html bloc
{
  type: 'Layout',
  component: 'HtmlBlock',
  content: '...' # A text content, which supports html tags
}

```

### Example

Here's an example of an action form with many fields, that we want to improve with some layout components, to make it easier for the end user to fill in.

### Ruby on Rails

```ruby theme={null}
class Forest::Customers
  include ForestLiana::Collection

  collection :Customers

	def self.apply_layout(fields)
	  find_field_by_name = proc { |field_name| fields.find { |field| field[:field] == field_name } }

	  [
		{
		  type: 'Layout',
		  component: 'Page',
		  elements: [
			{
			  type: 'Layout',
			  component: 'HtmlBlock',
			  content: '<h3>Please fill in the customer details <b>first</b>, following this <a href="https://how-to-invoice.doc.example">guide</a></h3>'
			},
			{
			  type: 'Layout',
			  component: 'Row',
			  fields: [find_field_by_name.call('firstname'), find_field_by_name.call('lastname')]
			},
			{ type: 'Layout', component: 'Separator' },
			find_field_by_name.call('username'),
			find_field_by_name.call('email'),
		  ]
		},
		{
		  type: 'Layout',
		  component: 'Page',
		  elements: [
			{
			  type: 'Layout',
			  component: 'HtmlBlock',
			  content: 'You may now enter his address details'
			},
			{
			  type: 'Layout',
			  component: 'Row',
			  fields: [find_field_by_name.call('city'), find_field_by_name.call('zip code')]
			},
			find_field_by_name.call('country'),
		  ]
		}
	  ]
	end

	action 'Send invoice',
	  type: 'single',
	  fields: [
		{
		  field: 'firstname',
		  type: 'String',
		  is_required: true,
		},
		{
		  field: 'lastname',
		  type: 'String',
		  is_required: true,
		},
		{
		  field: 'username',
		  type: 'String',
		},
		{
		  field: 'email',
		  type: 'String',
		  is_required: true,
		},
		{
		  field: 'country',
		  type: 'Enum',
		  enums: [],
		},
		{
		  field: 'city',
		  type: 'String',
		  hook: 'on_city_change',
		},
		{
		  field: 'zip code',
		  type: 'String',
		  hook: 'on_zip_code_change',
		},
	  ],
	  hooks: {
		load: proc { |context| apply_layout(context[:fields]) },
		change: {
		  'on_city_change' => proc { |context| apply_layout(context[:fields]) },
		  'on_zip_code_change' => proc { |context| apply_layout(context[:fields]) },
		}
	  }
end
```

The resulting action form will be:

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/forest-docs-prd-616-workflow-webhook-trigger/koibf_Mx9-wbnVB9/images/legacy/javascript-agents/action-form-pages.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=koibf_Mx9-wbnVB9&q=85&s=63a498b181b833d0f0cc757174e39f1c" alt="" width="1358" height="1298" data-path="images/legacy/javascript-agents/action-form-pages.png" />

## Making a form dynamic with hooks

Business logic often requires your forms to adapt to its context. Forest makes this possible through a powerful way to extend your form's logic.

To make Smart Action Forms dynamic, we've introduced the concept of **hooks:** hooks allow you to run some logic upon a specific event.

The `load` **hook** is called when the form loads, allowing you to change its properties upon load.

The `change` **hook** is called whenever you interact with a field of the form.

### Prefill a form with default values

Forest allows you to set default values of your form. In this example, we will prefill the form with data coming from the record itself **(1)**, with just a few extra lines of code.

```ruby theme={null}
class Forest::Customers
  include ForestLiana::Collection

  collection :Customers

  action 'Charge credit card',
    type: 'single',
    fields: [{
      field: 'amount',
      isRequired: true,
      description: 'The amount (USD) to charge the credit card. Example: 42.50',
      type: 'Number'
      }, {
      field: 'description',
      isRequired: true,
      description: 'Explain the reason why you want to charge manually the customer here',
      type: 'String'
      }, {
      # we added a field to show the full potential of prefilled values in this example
      field: 'stripe_id',
      isRequired: true,
      type: 'String'
    }],
    :hooks => {
      :load => -> (context) {
        amount = context[:fields].find{|field| field[:field] == 'amount'}
        stripeId = context[:fields].find{|field| field[:field] == 'stripe_id'}

        amount[:value] = 4520;

        id = context[:params][:data][:attributes][:ids][0];
        customer = Customers.find(id);

        stripeId[:value] = customer['stripe_id'];

        return context[:fields];
      }
    }
    ...
end
```

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/forest-docs-prd-616-workflow-webhook-trigger/6VDuJILf7L-u9y4z/images/legacy/javascript-agents/screenshot%202019-07-01%20at%2014.40.08.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=6VDuJILf7L-u9y4z&q=85&s=b02de65aeaa9b956a0c343ad6d02b934" alt="" width="1920" height="969" data-path="images/legacy/javascript-agents/screenshot 2019-07-01 at 14.40.08.png" />

### Making a field read-only

To make a field read only, you can use the `isReadOnly` property:

| Name         | Type    | Description                                                                                    |
| ------------ | ------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `isReadOnly` | boolean | (optional) If `true`, the Smart action field won’t be editable in the form. Default is `false` |

Combined with the **load** [hook](/legacy/ruby-agent/reference-guide/actions/create-and-manage-smart-actions/overview#making-a-form-dynamic) feature, this can be used to make a field read-only dynamically:

```javascript theme={null}
actions 'Send invoice',
  type: 'single',
  fields: [
        {
          field: 'country',
          type: 'Enum',
          enums: []
        },
        {
          field: 'city',
          type: 'String',
          hook: 'oncityChange'
        },
        {
          field: 'zip code',
          type: 'String',
          hook: 'onZipCodeChange'
        },
      ],
  hooks: {
      :load => -> (context){
        country = context[:fields].find{|field| field[:field] == 'country'}

        id = context[:params][:data][:attributes][:ids][0];
        customer = Customers.find(id);

        country[:enums] = getEnumsFromDatabaseForThisRecord(customer)

        return context[:fields]
      },
      :change => {
        'oncityChange'=> -> (context){
          zipCode = context[:fields].find{|field| field[:field] == 'zip code'}

          id = context[:params][:data][:attributes][:ids][0];
          customer = Customers.find(id);

          zipCode[:value] = getZipCodeFromCity(
            context[:record],
            context[:context][:changed_field][:value]
          )

          return context[:fields]
        },
        'onZipCodeChange'=> -> (context) {
          city = context[:fields].find{|field| field[:field] == 'city'}

          id = context[:params][:data][:attributes][:ids][0];
          customer = Customers.find(id);

          city[:value] = getCityFromZipCode(
            context[:record],
            context[:context][:changed_field][:value]
          )

          return context[:fields]
        },
      },
  }
```

#### How does it work?

The `hooks` property receives a *context* object containing:

* the `fields` array in its current state (containing also the current values)
* the `request` object containing all the information related to the records selection. Explained [here](/legacy/ruby-agent/reference-guide/actions/create-and-manage-smart-actions/overview#available-smart-action-properties).
* the `changedField` is the current field who trigger the hook (only for change hook)

<Info>
  `fields` **must** be returned. Note that `fields` is an array containing existing fields with properties described in [this section](/legacy/ruby-agent/reference-guide/actions/create-and-manage-smart-actions/overview#handling-input-values).
</Info>

<Warning>
  If you want to use a widget inside of a hook, you'll need to use the following syntax on your field:

  * For a `text area`, use `{ widgetEdit: 'text area editor', parameters: {} }`
  * For a `boolean`, use `{ widgetEdit: 'boolean editor', parameters: {} }`
  * For a `date` or a `dateonly`, use `{ widgetEdit: 'date editor', parameters: {} }`
  * For a `file`, use `{ widgetEdit: 'file picker', parameters: {} }`
</Warning>

To dynamically change a property within a `load` or `change` [hook](/legacy/ruby-agent/reference-guide/actions/create-and-manage-smart-actions/use-a-smart-action-form#making-a-form-dynamic-with-hooks), just set it! For instance, setting a new *description* for the field `city`:

```ruby theme={null}
:hooks => {
  :change => {
    'onFieldChanged' => -> (context) {
      [...]
      context[:fields].push({
        field: 'another field',
        type: 'Boolean',
      });
      return context[:fields];
    }
  }
}
```

<Info>
  We added the `changedField` attribute so that you can easily know what changed.
</Info>

Note that you may add a `change` hook on a dynamically-added field. Simply use the following syntax:

```ruby theme={null}
:hooks => {
  :change => {
    'onFieldChanged' => -> (context) {
      [...]
      context[:fields].push({
        field: 'another field',
        type: 'Boolean',
        hook: 'onAnotherFiledChanged',
      });
      return context[:fields];
    },
    'onAnotherFiledChanged' => -> (context) {
      # Do what you want
      return context[:fields];
    }
  }
}
```

### Get selected records with bulk action

When using hooks with a bulk Smart action, you'll probably need te get the values or ids of the selected records. See below how this can be achieved.

```ruby theme={null}
class Forest::Customers
  include ForestLiana::Collection

  collection :Customers

  action 'Some action',
    type: 'bulk',
    fields: [
      {
        field: 'country',
        type: 'String',
        is_read_only: true
      },
      {
        field: 'city',
        type: 'String'
      },
    ],
    :hooks => {
      :load => -> (context) {
        country = context[:fields].find{|field| field[:field] == 'country'}

        ids = ForestLiana::ResourcesGetter.get_ids_from_request(context[:params], context[:user]);
        customers = Customers.find(ids);

        country[:value] = '';
        country[:is_read_only] = false;

        # If customers have the same country, set field to this country and make it not editable
        if customers_have_same_country(customers)
          country[:value] = customers.country;
          country[:is_read_only] = true;
        end

        return context[:fields];
      },
    },
end
```